Development of Positive Self-Talk Cards for Cognitive Restructuring in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Author : MaeHyang Hwang, Ji Hyeon Kang, Hye Suk Ha, Youngbin Kim, Hyun Jung Park

Abstract : This study aims to develop positive self-talk cards designed to facilitate cognitive restructuring, a core therapeutic component of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The development process consists of four sequential stages. First, a literature review is conducted to identify irrational beliefs, dysfunctional thoughts, and cognitive distortions from existing scales, while empirical data on positive self-talk are collected from counseling professionals and teachers. Second, a preliminary item pool is constructed, comprising negative self-talk statements, corresponding positive counterparts, and additional items targeting negative affect reduction. Third, the finalized items are evaluated by experts in counseling-related fields, and based on their ratings, the card content, number, design, and format are determined. Finally, a utilization manual is developed, incorporating an introduction to the cards, general administration procedures, symptom-specific guidelines for anxiety, depression, and anger, practical tips, and real world case examples. The proposed self-talk cards are expected to provide counselors and clients with a structured, accessible tool for promoting adaptive thinking and enhancing the effectiveness of cognitive interventions in both clinical and educational settings.

Keywords : Self-talk, card creation, counseling, dysfunctional beliefs, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).

Conference Name : International Conference on Digital Transformation and Higher Education Futures (ICDTHF-26)

Conference Place : Bali, Indonesia

Conference Date : 11th Jul 2026